II. Writing Task 2. Write a newspaper article about the environmental issues facing our planet today and what can be done to solve them. In your article, you should: 1) Find and explain a big problem with the environment, like climate change, pollution, or losing different kinds of plants and animals. 2) Tell why these problems happen and what happens because of them, using numbers and facts, and mention where you got this information. 3) Talk about things that people, groups, and governments can do to solve these problems, and mention any rules or plans that are already happening or might happen. 4) Suggest how we can fix these problems. 5) Conclude by talking about why it's so important to fix these environment problems and how everyone can help make the Earth better for the future.

Earth at Risk: Why Environmental Problems Need Action Now

Our planet is facing several serious environmental problems, but one of the biggest is climate change. It means long-term changes in temperature and weather patterns. According to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report, human activities have warmed the Earth by about 1.1°C compared with the period 1850-1900. The main reason is the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas, which releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

The effects are already visible. Heatwaves are becoming more dangerous, glaciers are melting, sea levels are rising, and extreme weather can damage homes, farms and water supplies. Pollution is another major problem. The World Health Organization says air pollution is linked to about 7 million premature deaths each year. Plastic pollution is also growing: UNEP reports that more than 11 million tonnes of plastic enter the oceans every year. Nature is under pressure too. The IUCN Red List reported in 2025 that 47,187 assessed species were threatened with extinction.

These problems happen because people use too much energy from fossil fuels, produce too much waste, cut down forests and destroy habitats. The consequences affect not only animals and plants, but also human health, food, water and safety.

There are solutions. Governments can support renewable energy, improve public transport, protect forests and introduce stricter laws against pollution. The Paris Agreement is an international plan to limit global warming, and the United Nations has been working on a legally binding agreement to reduce plastic pollution. Companies can make cleaner products, use less plastic and reduce emissions. People can save electricity, recycle, use public transport, buy only what they need and support environmental projects.

The best way forward is to act together. Climate change, pollution and the loss of biodiversity are connected, so the solutions must be connected too: cleaner energy, less waste, protected nature and responsible choices. Fixing these problems is important because Earth is our home, and the future depends on what people do today.

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