Помогите пожалуйста!! ОТВЕТИТЬ НА ВОПРОСЫ Text 1. COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

1.Programming is the process of preparing a set of coded instructions

which enables the computer to solve specific problems or to perform specific

functions. The essence of computer programming is the encoding of the program

for the computer by means of algorithms. The thing is that any problem

is expressed in mathematical terms, it contains formulae, equations, and

calculations. But the computer cannot manipulate formulae, equations, and

calculations. Any problem must be specially processed for the computer to

understand it, that is — coded or programmed.


2.The phase in which the system’s computer programs are written is called

the development phase. The programs are lists of instructions that will be followed

by the control unit of the central processing unit (CPU). The instructions

of the program must be complete and in the appropriate sequence, or

else the wrong answers will result. Tо guard against these errors in logic and to

document the program’s logical approach, logic plans should be developed.


3.There are two common techniques for planning the logic of a program.

The first technique is flowcharting. A flowchart is a plan in the form

of a graphic or pictorial representation that uses predefined symbols to illustrate

the program logic. It is, therefore, a “picture” of the logical steps

to be performed by the computer. Each of the predefined symbol shapes

stands for a general operation. The symbol shape communicates the nature

of the general operation, and the specifics are written within the symbol.

A plastic or metal guide called a template is used to make drawing the

symbols easier.

4.The second technique for planning program logic is called pseudocode.

Pseudocode is an imitation of actual program instructions. It allows

a program-like structure without the burden of programming rules to follow.

Pseudocode is less time-consuming for the professional programmer

than is flowcharting. It also emphasizes a top-down approach to program

structure.

Pseudocode has three basic structures: sequence, decision, and looping

logic. With these three structures, any required logic can be expressed.


2).Ответьте на вопросы, используя информацию текста.

1. What is programming? 2. What is the essence of programming? 3. What

should be done with the problem before processing by the computer? 4. What

is a program? 5. What are instructions? 6. What are the main techniques for

planning the program logic? 7. What is a flowchart? 8. What is a template and

what is it used for? 9. What do you understand by “pseudocode”? 10. What

are the basic structures of pseudocode?

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