Comparatives and Superlatives: 1. from the degrees of comparisons - 1 nice _ _ 2 short _ _ 3 young _ _ 4 new _ _ 5 old _ _ 6 careful _ _ 7 modern _ _ 8 popular _ _ 9 dangerous _ _ 10 expensive _ _ 11 little _ _ 12 bad _ _ 13 good _ _ 14 much/many _ _

Comparatives and superlatives are used to compare one thing to another and to single out one item as being the most extreme among a group, respectively. Here's how you form comparatives and superlatives from the degrees of comparison for the adjectives and quantifiers you've listed:

1. Nice

   • Comparative: nicer
   • Superlative: nicest

2. Short

   • Comparative: shorter
   • Superlative: shortest

3. Young

   • Comparative: younger
   • Superlative: youngest

4. New

   • Comparative: newer
   • Superlative: newest

5. Old

   • Comparative: older (or elder for family members)
   • Superlative: oldest (or eldest for family members)

6. Careful

   • Comparative: more careful
   • Superlative: most careful

7. Modern

   • Comparative: more modern
   • Superlative: most modern

8. Popular

   • Comparative: more popular
   • Superlative: most popular

9. Dangerous

   • Comparative: more dangerous
   • Superlative: most dangerous

10. Expensive

    • Comparative: more expensive
    • Superlative: most expensive

11. Little (when referring to size)

    • Comparative: littler or smaller
    • Superlative: littlest or smallest

    Little (when referring to amount)

    • Comparative: less
    • Superlative: least

12. Bad

    • Comparative: worse
    • Superlative: worst

13. Good

    • Comparative: better
    • Superlative: best

14. Much/Many

    • Comparative: more
    • Superlative: most

Note that for some adjectives, particularly those with one syllable, you typically add "-er" for the comparative form and "-est" for the superlative form. For adjectives with two or more syllables, you usually precede them with "more" for the comparative and "most" for the superlative, though there are many exceptions to these rules. Additionally, some adjectives and quantifiers, such as "good," "bad," "much," and "little," have irregular forms that do not follow the standard patterns and need to be memorized.