1. Carol and I are old friends. I ___ her since we studied in high school together. a) know

b) have known

c) are knowing

d) have been knowing

2. I am tired. We ___ for more than an hour. Let's stop and rest for a while.

a) have been walking

b) are walking

c) walk

d) have walked

3. You do not hear what I am saying because you ___ very absent-minded today.

a) are

b) is

c) are being

d) have been

4. Nora, you look awfully tired. What ___ all day?

a) do you do

b) are you doing

c) have you been doing

d) have you done

5. Their car is as good as new though they ___ it for a number of years.

a) have

b) have been having

c) are having

d) have had

6. What ___ with yourself? There is mud all over you!

a) has you been doing

b) are you doing

c) did you do

d) have you been doing

7. Jerry promised to come to work in time. He is not here, and he even ___ .

a) isn't calling

b) hasn't called

c) hasn't been calling

d) doesn't call

8. As far as I know Mike ___ Italian for quite some time, but he still doesn't understand very much.

a)is learning

b) has been learning

c) has learnt

d) learns

9. David is quite an athlete. He wants to be strong and healthy that's why he ___ every morning.

a) is jogging

b) has jogged

c) jogs

d) has been jogging

10. I have just applied for a job in the local hospital, now I ___ for an answer from them.

a) wait

b) have been waiting

c) have waited

d) am waiting

11. The government is worried because the number of people without jobs ___ .

a) increases

b) has increased

c) is increasing

d) has been increasing

12. It's raining, and I see you don't have an umbrella. You can borrow mine, I ___ it now.

a) don't need

b) did not need

c) haven't needed

d) haven't been needing

13. Paul looks young for his age. He says he is 56 years old, but nobody ___ him.

a) hasn't believed

b) is not believing

c) believes

d) believe

14. My mother is a medical nurse; she takes care of sick and old people. What ___ for a living?

a) does your mother do

b) is your mother doing

c) has your mother done

d) has your mother been doing

15. My cousin Jake has got a lot of books, most of which he ___ .

a) doesn't read

b) hasn't been reading

c) hasn't read

d) isn't reading

Вот подробный разбор правильных ответов для каждого из вопросов:

1. Carol and I are old friends. I ___ her since we studied in high school together.
   Правильный ответ: b) have known
   Объяснение: Мы говорим о длительности действия, начавшегося в прошлом и продолжающегося до настоящего момента. Используем Present Perfect ("have known") с глаголом состояния.

2. I am tired. We ___ for more than an hour. Let's stop and rest for a while.
   Правильный ответ: a) have been walking
   Объяснение: Длительное действие, которое происходило в течение определённого времени до настоящего момента, выражается через Present Perfect Continuous.

3. You do not hear what I am saying because you ___ very absent-minded today.
   Правильный ответ: c) are being
   Объяснение: Используем "are being", потому что речь идёт о временном состоянии ("absent-minded today").

4. Nora, you look awfully tired. What ___ all day?
   Правильный ответ: c) have you been doing
   Объяснение: Вопрос о длительном действии, происходившем весь день до настоящего момента. Используется Present Perfect Continuous.

5. Their car is as good as new though they ___ it for a number of years.
   Правильный ответ: d) have had
   Объяснение: Глагол "have" (в значении владеть) используется в Present Perfect для описания длительности владения.

6. What ___ with yourself? There is mud all over you!
   Правильный ответ: d) have you been doing
   Объяснение: Вопрос о действии, которое происходило недавно и имеет видимый результат. Используется Present Perfect Continuous.

7. Jerry promised to come to work in time. He is not here, and he even ___ .
   Правильный ответ: b) hasn't called
   Объяснение: Действие (не позвонил) должно быть выражено в Present Perfect, так как оно связано с текущей ситуацией.

8. As far as I know Mike ___ Italian for quite some time, but he still doesn't understand very much.
   Правильный ответ: b) has been learning
   Объяснение: Длительное действие, начавшееся в прошлом и продолжающееся до настоящего момента, выражается через Present Perfect Continuous.

9. David is quite an athlete. He wants to be strong and healthy that's why he ___ every morning.
   Правильный ответ: c) jogs
   Объяснение: Регулярное действие, привычка, описывается через Present Simple.

10. I have just applied for a job in the local hospital, now I ___ for an answer from them.
    Правильный ответ: d) am waiting
    Объяснение: Текущее действие, происходящее в данный момент, описывается через Present Continuous.

11. The government is worried because the number of people without jobs ___ .
    Правильный ответ: d) has been increasing
    Объяснение: Длительное действие, начавшееся в прошлом и продолжающееся до настоящего момента, выражается через Present Perfect Continuous.

12. It's raining, and I see you don't have an umbrella. You can borrow mine, I ___ it now.
    Правильный ответ: a) don't need
    Объяснение: Используется Present Simple, так как речь идёт о текущем факте.

13. Paul looks young for his age. He says he is 56 years old, but nobody ___ him.
    Правильный ответ: c) believes
    Объяснение: Речь идёт о мнении людей, выраженном через Present Simple.

14. My mother is a medical nurse; she takes care of sick and old people. What ___ for a living?
    Правильный ответ: a) does your mother do
    Объяснение: Вопрос о работе (регулярное действие) формулируется в Present Simple.

15. My cousin Jake has got a lot of books, most of which he ___ .
    Правильный ответ: c) hasn't read
    Объяснение: Используется Present Perfect, чтобы показать, что действие (не прочитал книги) относится к опыту или результату.

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